Sunday, December 29, 2013

Bethlehem - Easton - Hellertown C.B.C. ~ December 28, 2013

This was one of those days that you just can't accurately describe or imagine unless you were there. I was lucky enough to have Jason Horn, Billy Weber, and Stephen Kloiber along with me to do my section of the Bethlehem - Easton - Hellertown C.B.C. I have been covering the Nazareth Quarry and its surrounding Hollo Road pines area (also formerly known as the Twin Ponds Rod & Gun Club) since the 1980's. Over the past several years, the quarry has been a magnet for the wintering numbers of Snow Geese in our area. Christmas Bird Count totals of 20,000 to 30,000 Snow Geese have become the norm.

Saturday's weather was near the best we could have hoped for----no precipitation and very little or no wind. Scoping birds from the top of a quarry for several hours in precipitation or with a cold wind blasting you in the face is no fun. I have spent a few of those days trying to hold the scope steady while your eyes tear up, so things were looking good when we met early enough to do some owling. Although the machinery noise from the adjacent cement mill make listening tough, we did manage to get at least one Eastern Screech-Owl and a Great Horned to respond. As daybreak approached, a Great Blue Heron took flight.

We then went over to the quarry to get a good estimate on the number of Snow Geese that filled the entire western two-thirds of it before they took off to feed in the neighboring fields. This is also the best chance at picking out a Ross's Goose, which equates to finding a needle in a huge, white haystack. Billy picked out the first Ross's and, after a lot more searching, a really good total of four birds were found. Stephen picked out a Peregrine Falcon sitting on one of nearby buildings. When one of three adult Bald Eagles that we would see there decided to soar over the quarry, the masses of Snows lifted off, making a sound similar to several helicopters taking off at once.


The guys and I continued to scope the quarry, picking out a Red-breasted Merganser, 2 Lesser Scaup, and 2 Pied-billed Grebes among the expected numbers of American Black Ducks, Ring-necked Ducks, Buffleheads, Common Mergansers, Ruddy Ducks, and American Coots. Billy spotted a pair of Common Ravens soaring over the north side of the quarry.

Checking the east end of the quarry produced a Greater White-fronted Goose and 4 Cackling Geese among the roughly thousand Canadas. It's interesting that each year the Canada Geese claim the back half of the quarry and the Snows inhabit the large end, a goose version of segregation.

Walking the wooded area with the two ponds, we found two Hooded Mergansers and a Belted Kingfisher on one of the ponds in addition to a Yellow-bellied Sapsucker, a Brown Creeper, two each of Golden-crowned and Ruby-crowned Kinglets, 2 Hermit Thrushes, 4 Yellow-rumped Warblers, Swamp and American Tree Sparrows, and 3 Red-winged Blackbirds.

While making one last check of the quarry, we noticed increasing numbers of gulls flying in and overhead. They included 2 Iceland Gulls and a Great Black-backed Gull among a number of Lesser Black-backeds and Herrings. We left the quarry around noon with over 60 species!

On the way down to the Chain Dam on the Lehigh River, we found another Peregrine Falcon pursuing a large flock of Starlings and picked up a White-crowned Sparrow and one Savannah Sparrow. Working our way down along the Lehigh to the Forks of the Delaware didn't produce much at all except for the one Common Goldeneye on the Delaware, which added another new species to our total.

On our way back towards the quarry, our good fortune continued when the Snowy Owl that hadn't been reported since last Monday was sitting on a house roof!

As we set up scopes on the Snowy, we noticed skein after skein of Snow Geese that lined the sky from the quarry all the way back to the horizon over the town of Tatamy.

We 'guesstimated' that there were at least 15,000 in view at any given time. The procession continued for over 45 minutes with birds constantly coming as far as we could see. They were streaming through when we got there around 4 PM and were still moving through at dusk. We conservatively estimated more than 200,000 Snows! I would've loved to had a videotape of the whole scene. While all this was happening, the Snowy Owl left the roof and flew directly at us! It passed within eight feet of us and flew across the road, landing on a telephone pole near Hollo Road. Also while there, the guys picked out 7 Northern Pintails and 2 American Wigeon among the geese and 10 Horned Larks that flew across the road. A quick run back to the quarry found it two-thirds full and wall-to-wall with geese with more still dropping in. That was the end to a great day, which netted us 73 species for the day, a C.B.C. record for all of us!

A few photos from the day can be seen in my Local Notables - 2013 Album.

Here are our totals from the day:

Greater White-fronted Goose------------1
Snow Goose------------------------200,000
Ross's Goose-------------------------------4
Cackling Goose----------------------------4
Canada Goose------------------------1,400
Mallard-----------------------------------215
American Black Duck--------------------16
American Wigeon-------------------------2
Northern Pintail---------------------------7
Ring-necked Duck------------------------61
Lesser Scaup------------------------------2
Common Goldeneye----------------------1
Bufflehead--------------------------------14
Common Merganser---------------------27
Red-breasted Merganser-----------------1
Hooded Merganser------------------------2
Ruddy Duck-------------------------------38
Pied-billed Grebe-------------------------2
Great Blue Heron-------------------------1
Turkey Vulture----------------------------3
Black Vulture------------------------------8
Bald Eagle---------------------------------4
Sharp-shinned Hawk---------------------1
Cooper's Hawk----------------------------2
Red-tailed Hawk--------------------------3
Merlin--------------------------------------1
Peregrine Falcon--------------------------2
American Coot---------------------------17
Ring-billed Gull-------------------------560
Herring Gull------------------------------30
Iceland Gull--------------------------------2
Lesser Black-backed Gull---------------24
Great Black-backed Gull-----------------1
Rock Pigeon----------------------------111
Mourning Dove--------------------------14
Great Horned Owl------------------------1
Snowy Owl---------------------------------1
Eastern Screech-Owl---------------------1
Belted Kingfisher-------------------------2
Red-bellied Woodpecker-----------------5
Northern Flicker--------------------------6
Yellow-bellied Sapsucker-----------------1
Downy Woodpecker-----------------------5
Blue Jay------------------------------------7
American Crow-------------------------115
Common Raven---------------------------2
Horned Lark-----------------------------10
Tufted Titmouse-------------------------5
Black-capped Chickadee-----------------8
Brown Creeper----------------------------1
White-breasted Nuthatch----------------2
Carolina Wren----------------------------8
Golden-crowned Kinglet------------------2
Ruby-crowned Kinglet--------------------2
Eastern Bluebird--------------------------6
Hermit Thrush----------------------------2
American Robin------------------------178
Northern Mockingbird--------------------3
European Starling-----------------------90
Yellow-rumped Warbler------------------4
American Tree Sparrow-----------------42
Savannah Sparrow------------------------1
Song Sparrow----------------------------22
Swamp Sparrow---------------------------2
White-throated Sparrow----------------75
White-crowned Sparrow------------------1
Dark-eyed Junco-------------------------21
Northern Cardinal-----------------------18
Red-winged Blackbird--------------------3
Brown-headed Cowbird-------------------4
House Finch-------------------------------7
American Goldfinch---------------------12
House Sparrow----------------------------6
***********************************************
Totals of 73 Species-------------203,262

Saturday, November 16, 2013

Black-chinned Hummingbird in PA ~ November 14, 2013

The Gearharts of Shady Grove noticed a hummingbird visiting their feeders. Sandy Lockerman captured and banded the hummingbird, which was determined to be an adult male Black-chinned Hummingbird, only the 2nd documented record for Pennsylvania. The Gearharts graciously opened their yard to birders, so I left at 4:30 AM and got to Shady Grove at around 7:00. Jason Horn and Devich Farbotnik were there and had the bird perched in a bush near the feeders. Eventually, as the temperature climbed out of the upper 20's, the bird soaked up the sun between visits to the feeder. I managed to get a few documentation photos.
Note the curved, blunt primaries, white collar, and notched tail.


It was really tough to get looks, let alone photos, of the purple-edged gorget, but glimpses were given at times during the three hours I was there.
This poor photo is the only one I got showing a part of the gorget's purple edge.


Again, note the curved, blunt primaries and notched tail.


Note the fairly long, fairly straight bill.

Monday, October 28, 2013

Southern California - Arizona Trip ~ October 22, 2013

After constantly reading about the second largest invasion of Blue-footed Boobies in California, the only booby that I hadn't seen, I decided that I had to make the trip, especially given the great chance of finding one of the many birds that were reported. As expected, I got the usual looks and shook my head at the jokes when I told my co-workers that I was going to California to look for boobies. Other remote possibilities included a Plain-capped Starthroat and the possibility of getting much better looks at a Sinaloa Wren, both in Arizona.

I did the very early morning drive to the Philadelphia Airport, boarded a non-stop flight to Phoenix, and was on the road in the rental car by 10:30 AM. I started the 260-mile drive towards California's Salton Sea, taking I-10 west to Blythe, California and then heading southwest on Route 78. Greater White-fronted Goose, Northern Harrier, American Kestrel, Inca Dove, and Loggerhead Shrike were some of the birds seen along the highway. About 25 miles before reaching Brawley, I stopped to marvel at the Algodones Dunes, a huge area of sand about 10 miles wide, 30 miles long, and hundreds of feet high!
The Algodones Dunes east of Brawley, California. Route 78, the thin black strip in the left half of the photo, winds its way up and over the dunes.


The Algodones Dunes east of Brawley, California. For scale, note the white tractor-trailer coming down the road, just below the left center of the photo.


I arrived at the Salton Sea's Obsidian Butte at 3:30, scoped the rock where the birds liked to roost and found it empty. I was beginning to worry a little about being 'skunked' when I noticed the head of a booby appear just above the top of the rock. I grabbed my gear and walked the back edge of the shoreline until I had a clear view of the other side of the rock. There, I had an unobstructed view of eight Blue-footed Boobies! I spent the next three hours watching them and listening to their odd calls. The only downside was that the sun was in an unfavorable position for photos. Still, I managed to get a few 'keepers'.
Eight Blue-footed Boobies on a rock just offshore from Obsidian Butte at the Sonny Bono Salton Sea National Wildlife Refuge near Calipatria​, California.


At one point, a Double-crested Cormorant flew in to claim 'King of the rock' and displaced one of the boobies. The bird made a wide circle and returned to the rock.

A Blue-footed Booby comes in for a landing on the rock to join the others.


As sunset neared, a ninth booby joined the others. Other birds noted there included Snow Goose, Eared Grebe, Brown Pelican, Double-crested Cormorant, Snowy Egret, American Coot, Black-bellied Plover, American Avocet, Willet, Least Sandpiper, Long-billed Dowitcher, Heermann's and California Gull, and Caspian Tern.
Nine Blue-footed Boobies showing their dull blue-gray feet.

The Blue-footed Boobies on the rock at sunset. Amazingly, the Salton Sea is about 230 feet BELOW sea level.


A nice sunset put an exclamation point on a great day. At dusk, I headed south to El Centro, hopped on I-8 and headed east to a Motel 6 in Yuma, Arizona.

Southern California - Arizona Trip ~ October 23, 2013

At sunrise, while taking my gear from the room to the car, I did a double-take as a Peregrine Falcon zoomed over the motel. I grabbed my camera and got a few shots of it as it was chasing the Rock Pigeons over the town. It then landed atop the motel sign where I was able to get a few more photos.

A Peregrine Falcon winging its way over Yuma, Arizona.



A Peregrine Falcon uses the motel sign as a lookout in Yuma, Arizona.


My plan was to drive the 300 miles to the Patons' yard in Patagonia and hope that the Plain-capped Starthroat might show up. It would be a long shot since the bird hadn't been seen in over a week, but it was my only other chance for a life bird within driving distance. I headed east on I-8, which crosses many miles of open desert with scattered stands of the tall Saguaro cactus.
A long, straight stretch of I-8 near Mohawk, Arizona.


At Casa Grande, I picked up I-10, worked my way through Tucson, and headed south on Highway 83.
A view of the Whetstone Mountains from Highway 83, north of Sonoita, Arizona.


I was surprised to see a Black Vulture circling over Patagonia. I arrived at the Patons' in the early afternoon to mainly watch the hummingbird feeders. Unfortunately, Anna's Hummingbird was the only species seen, but I really couldn't complain considering the looks I got at one of the males.

Anna's Hummingbird at the Patons' in Patagonia, Arizona.


Other birds found in and around the yard included Gambel's Quail, White-winged and Inca Dove, Ladder-backed and Gila Woodpecker, White-breasted Nuthatch, Bewick's Wren, "Audubon's" Warbler, Lazuli Bunting, White-crowned Sparrow, and Lesser Goldfinch.
Inca Dove at the Patons' in Patagonia, Arizona.


Gila Woodpecker at the Patons' in Patagonia, Arizona.


Next, I headed to the Ash Canyon Bed and Breakfast, south of Sierra Vista. There, in addition to most of the birds seen at the Patons', I saw Magnificent Hummingbird, Acorn Woodpecker, Mexican Jay, Pyrrhuloxia, and 'Gray-headed' Junco.
Pyrrhuloxia at the Ash Canyon Bed and Breakfast near Sierra Vista, Arizona.


Ladder-backed Woodpecker at the Ash Canyon Bed and Breakfast near Sierra Vista, Arizona.


Since I still only own a 'dumb'phone, I made a call back home to a friend who was nice enough to check the latest internet rare bird reports for me. She told me that the Nutting's Flycatcher in western Arizona had been seen a few days before. That was good and bad news. The good news was that it provided another chance for a life bird. The bad news was that it was all the way at the other end of the state within an hour of where I had been the day before. I had planned to spend the next morning looking for the Sinaloa Wren that was being seen in lower Huachuca Canyon. I decided to stick with that plan and then drive the additional 350 miles over to Lake Havasu. I spent the night at the Motel 6 in Sierra Vista.

Southern California - Arizona Trip ~ October 24, 2013

I drove into Fort Huachuca, checked in at the M.P. office, and headed up to the site where the Sinaloa Wren was hanging out. Unfortunately, I was only able to get a very brief glimpse of this skulker. Other birds found there included 'Red-shafted' Flicker, Black Phoebe, Cassin's Kingbird, Bridled Titmouse, Bewick's and Pacific Wren, Ruby-crowned Kinglet, Plumbeous Vireo, "Audubon's" and Townsend's Warbler, Painted Redstart, Hepatic Tanager, Lincoln's Sparrow, 'Gray-headed' Junco, and Lesser Goldfinch.

I left the canyon and started the 350-mile drive west to Lake Havasu. The stretch of I-10 west of Phoenix is another huge area of open desert.
The Big Horn Mountains along I-10 west of Tonopah, Arizona.


I took Route 72 and Highway 95 up to the Bill Williams National Wildlife Refuge. I used the last hour of daylight to check out the Nutting's Flycatcher spot and found myself engulfed by mosquitoes. It wasn't as bad as the Everglades, but it was a close second. I left there and drove up to Lake Havasu City where I spent the night.

Southern California - Arizona Trip ~ October 25-26, 2013

I headed up Planet Ranch Road and set up shop at the Nutting's Flycatcher spot. I spent several hours there, hoping that the bird would call, but it never did; and a Sharp-shinned Hawk circling over the area surely didn't help my chances. Although the flycatcher was a no-show, I did manage to see Gila Woodpecker, Gilded Flicker, Mexican Jay, Rock Wren, Ruby-crowned Kinglet, Black-tailed Gnatcatcher, Crissal Thrasher, Phainopepla, Loggerhead Shrike, and Orange-crowned Warbler.
Planet Ranch Road in the Bill Williams National Wildlife Refuge.


Phainopepla along Planet Ranch Road in the Bill Williams National Wildlife Refuge.


After several hours of trying, I returned to Highway 95 and checked out the lake area of the refuge.

Bill Williams National Wildlife Refuge at the southern end of Lake Havasu, Arizona.


Scoping the water revealed Double-crested Cormorant, Great Egret, Mallard, Canvasback, Redhead, Ruddy Duck, American Coot, and about 30 Clark's Grebes, the most I've ever seen in one place. Other birds spotted in the area included Anna's Hummingbird, Say's Phoebe, and Canyon Towhee.

Clark's Grebes in the Bill Williams National Wildlife Refuge.


Along the way back to Phoenix, American Kestrel, Peregrine Falcon, and Brewer's Blackbird were seen. I spent the night in Phoenix and flew back home early the next morning. The four days of birding and 1346 miles of driving yielded 86 species.

More photos can be found in my California Photo Album and my Arizona Photo Album.



Southern California - Arizona Trip List

1) Greater White-fronted Goose
2) Snow Goose
3) Canada Goose
4) Mallard
5) Canvasback
6) Redhead
7) Ruddy Duck
8) Gambel's Quail
9) Eared Grebe
10) Clark's Grebe
11) Blue-footed Booby
12) Brown Pelican
13) Double-crested Cormorant
14) Snowy Egret
15) Great Egret
16) Great Blue Heron
17) Turkey Vulture
18) Black Vulture
19) Northern Harrier
20) Golden Eagle
21) Sharp-shinned Hawk
22) Red-tailed Hawk
23) American Kestrel
24) Peregrine Falcon
25) American Coot
26) Black-bellied Plover
27) American Avocet
28) Willet
29) Long-billed Curlew
30) Least Sandpiper
31) Long-billed Dowitcher
32) Heermann's Gull
33) Ring-billed Gull
34) California Gull
35) Herring Gull
36) Caspian Tern
37) Rock Pigeon
38) Mourning Dove
39) White-winged Dove
40) Inca Dove
41) Magnificent Hummingbird
42) Anna's Hummingbird
43) Acorn Woodpecker
44) Gila Woodpecker
45) Northern (Red-shafted) Flicker
46) Gilded Flicker
47) Ladder-backed Woodpecker
48) Black Phoebe
49) Say's Phoebe
50) Cassin's Kingbird
51) Loggerhead Shrike
52) Plumbeous Vireo
53) Mexican Jay
54) American Crow
55) Common Raven
56) Bridled Titmouse
57) White-breasted Nuthatch
58) Pacific Wren
59) Bewick's Wren
60) Rock Wren
61) Sinaloa Wren
62) Ruby-crowned Kinglet
63) Black-tailed Gnatcatcher
64) Eastern Bluebird
65) Crissal Thrasher
66) European Starling
67) Phainopepla
68) Orange-crowned Warbler
69) Yellow-rumped (Audubon's) Warbler
70) Townsend's Warbler
71) Painted Redstart
72) Hepatic Tanager
73) Canyon Towhee
74) Chipping Sparrow
75) Savannah Sparrow
76) Lincoln's Sparrow
77) Song Sparrow
78) White-crowned Sparrow
79) Dark-eyed (Gray-headed) Junco
80) Pyrrhuloxia
81) Lazuli Bunting
82) Great-tailed Grackle
83) Brewer's Blackbird
84) House Finch
85) Lesser Goldfinch
86) House Sparrow

Monday, February 25, 2013

British Columbia Trip ~ February 18, 2013

The winter of 2013 produced several extremely unusual Asian strays in the West, particularly in British Columbia.  One of these, a Citrine Wagtail that was discovered on Vancouver Island near Courtenay, represented the 1st record for Canada and only the 2nd record for North America.  Then, a Red-flanked Bluetail was found in New Westminster, just southeast of the city of Vancouver, which was also a 1st record for Canada and only the 2nd mainland sighting in North America.  The close proximity of these two mega-rarities caused me to take a flight from Philadelphia International Airport to Seattle, Washington with a stopover in Chicago. I got the rental car at around 11:00 AM and headed up I-5 into Canada. I got to Queen's Park in New Westminster, British Columbia at around 2:00 and started searching for the Red-flanked Bluetail that had been found just two days after I got home from my January trip to the Pacific Northwest.
Queen's Park in New Westminster, British Columbia.


After about an hour-and-a-half, I spotted the bird near the children's playground area. It was really tough to get photos because of the very dark evergreen understory coupled with the dreary conditions.  Other birds seen there included Red-breasted Nuthatch, Pacific Wren, Golden-crowned Kinglet, Varied Thrush, American Robin, and Dark-eyed 'Oregon' Junco.

Queen's Park in New Westminster, British Columbia.


I left there at around 5:00 and drove towards Tsawwassen and got a motel that was about 15 minutes from the ferry terminal.

British Columbia Trip ~ February 19, 2013

I got on the 5:15 AM ferry to Nanaimo on Vancouver Island and drove the hour-plus up to Courtenay.
Sunrise from the Strait of Georgia near Duke Point, British Columbia.


This was my second attempt at getting a look at a Citrine Wagtail that was found there back in November.  I, and another birder named David from California that I'd met on the ferry, set up shop at the 'traditional' site around 9:00 with Randy, an Alberta birder.  A Northern Shrike and a Spotted Towhee were two of the birds found in the large slash piles.
Spotted Towhee near Courtenay, British Columbia.


About four hours later while David and I were checking the south side of the fencerow, Randy yelled "Wagtail!" The bird had flown in from the southeast and landed on a rock about 20 feet away from him, its tail bobbing away. As the two of us worked our way closer for a better look, the bird took off and flew back from where it came. The bird never returned despite another hour or so of waiting. I was the last one to leave at around 3:00, glad that I finally got to see the bird but wishing I'd had a little longer look at it and a chance for a photo.

I drove back to Nanaimo, took the 5:45 PM ferry back to Tsawwassen and drove over to New Westminster where I spent the night.
Late afternoon in the Strait of Georgia near Duke Point, British Columbia.


Late afternoon in the Strait of Georgia near Duke Point, British Columbia.

British Columbia Trip ~ February 20, 2013

I drove over to Queen's Park once again to see if I could get some better photos of the Red-flanked Bluetail.  While there, a sleet storm partially whitened the ground.  Several Varied Thrushes and numbers of 'Oregon' Juncos and American Robins were present.
Varied Thrush at Queen's Park in New Westminster, British Columbia.


Craig Tumer, an Oregon birder, joined me about an hour later.  Craig was one of the two birders who discovered a Little Bunting in Joseph, Oregon on January 28th.  Soon after, Craig spotted the Bluetail and we both were able to get photos of it despite the occasional showers.
Red-flanked Bluetail at Queen's Park in New Westminster, British Columbia.




Red-flanked Bluetail feeding on a worm at Queen's Park in New Westminster, British Columbia.


Red-flanked Bluetail at Queen's Park in New Westminster, British Columbia.


I left there and drove the two-plus hours back to Seattle where I spent the night.
The Space Needle in Seattle, Washington.

British Columbia Trip ~ February 21, 2013

I returned the rental car with 555 more miles on it and took an early flight back to Philadelphia by way of Chicago. I was thrilled to see two extremely unusual 'life' birds for North America.
More photos can be found in my British Columbia Photo Album.


British Columbia Trip - February 18-21, 2013

1) Canada Goose
2) Trumpeter Swan
3) Mallard
4) American Wigeon
5) Eurasian Wigeon
6) Black Scoter
7) Pacific Loon
8) Common Loon
9) Double-crested Cormorant
10) Great Blue Heron
11) Northern Harrier
12) Bald Eagle
13) Red-tailed Hawk
14) Peregrine Falcon
15) Ring-billed Gull
16) Mew Gull
17) Glaucous-winged Gull
18) Rock Pigeon
19) Northern (Red-shafted) Flicker
20) Northern Shrike
21) American Crow
22) Northwestern Crow
23) Common Raven
24) Black-capped Chickadee
25) Chestnut-backed Chickadee
26) Brown Creeper
27) Red-breasted Nuthatch
28) Pacific Wren
29) Golden-crowned Kinglet
30) Red-flanked Bluetail*
31) Varied Thrush
32) American Robin
33) European Starling
34) Citrine Wagtail*
35) Spotted Towhee
36) Fox Sparrow
37) Song Sparrow
38) Golden-crowned Sparrow
39) Dark-eyed 'Oregon' Junco
40) Purple Finch

(*) denotes 'life' bird.

Thursday, January 17, 2013

Pacific Northwest Trip ~ January 7-8, 2013

At 3:00 AM, I drove to Philadelphia International Airport and flew to Seattle, Washington with a stopover in Salt Lake City, Utah. I got the rental car at around 4:00 PM. I had planned on heading northeast to Revelstoke, British Columbia to see a Brambling that was being seen every day there, but heavy snows were predicted for the area and the route there would involve driving over mountain passes. Since winter tires and chains were required in that case, I changed plans and headed south on I-5 towards California where a Falcated Duck had been seen in December. The duck had not been reported for a few weeks after heavy rains hit the area, but I was hoping that would change, plus I had never been to Oregon. I headed the 10+ hours down I-5 through Washington into Oregon (the 48th state that I've visited) and on down into northern California, hitting heavy fog in the Mount Shasta area. I parked at a rest area just north of Williams at about 2:00 AM and slept for about 5 hours.

At daybreak on the 8th, I drove over to Colusa National Wildlife Refuge to the spot where the duck was most often seen. Unfortunately, the whole area was enshrouded in fog, limiting sight range to only about 75 yards. The duck was nowhere to be found among the Greater White-fronted Geese, Northern Shovelers, Northern Pintails, American Wigeon, Green-winged Teal, and American Coots. A few Black-necked Stilts were present. In the surrounding area, I found Killdeer, Northern 'Red-shafted' Flicker, a Black Phoebe, small flocks of Bushtits and Ruby-crowned Kinglets, Marsh Wren, and a California Towhee. A drive around the 'Auto Tour Route' revealed Pied-billed Grebe, Great Egret, White-faced Ibis, Cinnamon Teal, Gadwall, Redhead, Bufflehead, Red-shouldered Hawk, Virginia Rail, White-crowned and Golden-crowned Sparrow, and Western Meadowlark.
Red-shouldered Hawk at Colusa National Wildlife Refuge, California.


With little hope of the fog lifting, I headed back up I-5 towards Portland, Oregon. I eventually left the fog in the Central Valley region and climbed up into the mountains framed by clear blue skies. The 'Castle Crags' rock formations were interesting.
'Castle Crags' rock formations near Castella, California.


A Common Raven was present at a Mount Shasta viewpoint along I-5.


Snow-capped Mount Shasta was an impressive sight.
Mount Shasta from I-5 near Castella, California.


Mount Shasta from I-5 near Dunsmuir, California.


Amazingly, about twenty miles farther north, I found myself back in fog once again.
Along I-5 near Yreka, California.


Eventually, the fog thinned out as I re-entered Oregon, drove most of the way through the state, and got a motel near Tigard, south of Portland.